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Client Categorisation Policy

Client Categorisation Policy

Overview

This is the Global Shares Execution Services Limited’s (“Global Shares” or the “Firm”) Client Categorisation Policy.  The purpose of this policy is to outline how Global Shares complies with its statutory obligations.

Under the EU Markets in Financial Instruments Directive 2014/65 EU (‘MiFID II’), Global Shares Execution Services Limited (“Global Shares” or the “Firm”) is required to have an Client Categorisation Policy.  The purpose of this document is to provide retail and professional clients with information on this Policy.

Global Shares is required to notify new clients, and existing clients that it has newly categorised, of their categorisation as a retail client, a professional client or an eligible counterparty in accordance with the MiFID Regulations.  Global Shares shall inform its clients in a durable medium about any right that client has to request a different categorisation and about any limitations to the level of client protection that a different categorisation would entail. This information must be provided to clients prior to any provision of services.

Global Shares Business

The Firm is an investment firm regulated by the Malta Financial Services Authority (“the MFSA”).  It is part of the Global Shares group.  The Global Shares group is a share plan administrator.  As part of the share plan administration business the firm generally has two types of clients.  The majority of the clients of Global Shares are retail clients who are employee participants in employee share schemes operated by their employer company and administered by the Global Shares group.  All clients are retail clients by default, unless they are categorised as another type of client.  Issuers who operate the employee share plans may be categorised as professional clients.  In the case of Global Shares, we currently provide an execution-only, non-advisory, non-discretionary, receipt and transmission of orders service in respect of non-complex instruments (being equities).

Client Categories

  1.  ‘Retail Client’

A ‘Retail Client’ is a client who is not a professional client or an eligible counterparty. Retail Clients are afforded with the highest level of protection. The majority of Global Shares’ clients are retail clients.

  1. ‘Professional Client’

A ‘Professional Client’ is a client that is either a per se professional client or an elective professional client. A professional client is a client who possesses the experience, knowledge and expertise to make their own investment decisions and properly assess the risks that they incur.

Categories of clients who are considered to be professionals per se:

(1) An entity which is required to be authorized or regulated to operate in financial markets. Examples of entities carrying out the characteristic activities are: a) Credit institutions b) Investment firms c) Other authorized or regulated financial institutions d) Insurance companies e) Collective investment schemes and management companies of such schemes f) Pension funds and management companies of such funds g) Commodity and commodity derivatives dealers h) Locals : firms which provide investment services and/or perform investment activities consisting exclusively in dealing on own account on markets in financial futures or options or other derivatives and on cash markets for the sole purpose of hedging positions on derivatives markets or which deal for the accounts of other members of those markets or make prices for them and which are guaranteed by clearing members of the same markets, where responsibility for ensuring the performance of contracts entered into by such firms is assumed by clearing members of the same markets. i) Other institutional services

(2) Large undertakings meeting two of the following size requirements on a company basis: a) balance sheet total at least EUR 20,000,000 b) net turnover at least EUR 40,000,000 c) own funds at least EUR 2,000,000. Issuers which are clients of Global Shares and which operates employee share plans may fall within this group.

(3) Other institutional investors whose main activity is to invest in financial instruments, including entities dedicated to the securitization of assets or other financing transactions.


Elective professional clients

Global Shares may treat a client as an elective professional client if the following process is followed:

1. Global Shares undertakes an adequate assessment of the expertise, experience and knowledge of the client that gives reasonable assurance, in light of the nature of the transactions or services envisages, that the client is capable of making their own investment decisions and understanding the risks involved (“the qualitative test”). If the client is an entity, the test should be performed in relation to the person(s) authorised to carry out transactions on its behalf.

2. At least two of the following criteria are satisfied:

  1. The client has carried out transactions, in significant size, on the relevant market at an average frequency of 10 per quarter over the previous four quarters
  2. The size of the client’s financial instrument portfolio exceeds EUR 500,000
  3. The client works or has worked in the financial sector for at least one year in a professional position, which requires knowledge of the transactions or services envisaged (“the quantitative test”); and
  4. The following procedure is followed: a. The client must state in writing to the firm that it wishes to be treated as a professional client either generally or in respect of a particular service or transaction or type of transaction or product; b. Global Shares must give the client a clear written warning of the protections and investor compensation rights the client may lose; and c. The client must state in writing, in a separate document from the contract, that it is aware of the consequences of losing such protections.


3. “Eligible Counterparty”

Per se eligible counterparty
The following is a per se eligible counterparty: 1) An investment firm 2) A credit institution 3) An insurance company 4) A collective investment scheme authorised under the UCITS Directive or its management company 5) a pension fund or its management company 6) another financial institution authorised or regulated under EU legislation or the national law of an EEA State 7) an undertaking exempted from the application of MiFID 8) a national government or its corresponding office, including a public body that deals with the public debt 9) a central bank 10) a supranational organization

Elective eligible counterparties
Global Shares may treat a client as an elective eligible counterparty if:

1) the client is an undertaking and: a. is a per se professional client, and: i. is a body corporate which has called up a share capital of at least £10 million; or ii. meets the criteria in the rule on meeting two quantitative tests; or b. requests such categorisation and is an elective professional client, but only in respect of the services or transactions for which it could be treated as a professional client; and
2) Global Shares has, in relation to MiFID business, obtained express confirmation from the prospective counterparty that it agrees to be treated as an eligible counterparty.

Professional Clients and Eligible counterparties have the right to request re-categorisation as a client that benefits from a higher degree of protection. It is the responsibility of the client to ask for a higher level of protection. Global Shares reserves the right to cease business with the client if different client categorisation is requested. If a new client category is applied by Global Shares, a new written agreement will be issued.

Key differences between Retail Clients and Professional Clients

The key differences between the relative levels of protection between Retail client and Professional clients include the following:

  1. When dealing with Retail clients, we need to provide additional information (including detailed risk warnings, disclosure of costs and charges without any limited application). When communicating any financial promotions, we have to ensure that the information provided does not emphasise any potential benefit of any products or services without providing a fair and prominent indication of any relevant risks. The information has to be presented in a way that is likely to be understood by the intended audience.
  2. When dealing with Retail clients, we are required to ascertain if they have the knowledge and experience to understand the risks relating to a particular product/service, and in some cases, their ability to financially bear the related investment risk. This will help us determine if the product/service offered or requested is suitable for the client. For Professional clients, we are entitled to assume that they have the necessary experience and knowledge to understand the risk relating to a particular product/service and they are able to bear any related investment risk for such a product/service. Note:  In the case of Global Shares, we currently provide an execution-only, non-advisory, non-discretionary receipt and transmission of orders service in respect of non-complex instruments (being equities).
  3. Complaints received from certain Retail clients (those that meet the definition of an Eligible Complainant, such as consumers, micro-enterprises, charities) are required to be handled in accordance with particular complaint handling rules.
  4. Retail clients are more likely to have rights as eligible claimant under the Investor Compensation Scheme. A professional client is unlikely to be such a claimant meaning that compensation under the Investor Compensation Scheme would not be available to a professional client.
  5. When dealing with Retail clients there are more restrictions in relation to safeguarding of client investments and client money.
  6. With retail clients, we will always apply the principles of best execution required under MiFID II, as set out in our Best Execution and Order Handling Policy, unless specific instructions received from a client restrict our ability to apply the principles fully. With professional clients dealing in financial instruments, best execution is owed when we accept an order to execute a transaction on client’s behalf or in other circumstances where we have agreed to accept such best execution obligation.
  7. When selling packaged investment products to retail clients, there are a number of specific rules which must be adhered to, for example, the provision of a key information document. Global Shares does not currently provide such packaged investment products.

Key differences between Eligible Counterparties and Professional clients

Certain rules which apply to us when acting for Professional clients do not apply when the client is an Eligible Counterparty:

  1. The rule requiring certain information to be disclosed to a client before providing services.
  2. The rule that restricts the ability of firms to accept and pay inducements.
  3. The rule on how we communicate with clients, including those which govern how we market and promote to clients.
  4. The rules requiring firms to provide information about costs and charges have a limited application in respect of Eligible Counterparties.
  5. The rules governing the provision of client agreements.
  6. The rules which require firms to assess the appropriateness of products or services.
  7. The rule requiring firms to act in the best interest of its client.
  8. The rules requiring firms to take all reasonable steps to obtain the best possible result when executing or receiving and transmitting client orders (best execution).
  9. The rules which require firms to follow certain conditions when carrying out client orders (i.e. those rules relating to the prompt recording and allocation or orders, sequential execution and aggregation of orders and allocation of orders).
  10. The rules which apply to identification of non-independent research as marketing communications.
  11. The rule which require firms to provide clients with a description of the nature and risks of investments.
  12. The rules which require firms to provide clients with trade confirmation information and periodic statements may have a limited application.

Global Shares Execution Services Limited, is regulated by the Malta Financial Services Authority (“the MFSA”).  For further information please contact +353 23 8833062.